Recently，Associate Researcher Xu Yinli, Director of the Academic Affairs Office of Nanjing Information Vocational and Technical College, gave a speech titled "Taking the sky bet login Agreement as a Paradigm" to our school teachers in the lecture hall of the school library，Special report on “Developing Professional Connotation Construction”。
1. About the sky bet login Agreement
Director Xu pointed out that Western countries are20In the middle of the century, the importance of mutual recognition of substantially equivalent talents in regions has been realized，By the 1980s and 1990s, a relatively mature sky bet login certification system had been formed。To21century，Classification based on engineering professional abilities，The engineering professional education accreditation system is divided into the "Washington Agreement" for "professional engineers" by international organizations、sky bet login Agreement for “Engineering Technicians” and Dublin Agreement for “Engineering Technicians”。Among them，The "sky bet login Accord" is an accreditation for engineering and technical education that requires three-year higher education。Although China has not yet joined the agreement，But fully join the international engineering education certification，The internationalization of engineering education is an inevitable trend in future development。
In recent years，China’s higher vocational education has developed greatly in scale，But the quality has not yet fully met the society’s demand for engineering and technical professional talents，This also reflects that higher vocational education has a long way to go in terms of professional construction。Existing professional construction，For example, the formulation of a training plan、Improvements in teaching methods、Teaching professional awareness、Completion of graduate requirements, etc.，Most of them are limited to domestic peers for reference、On the level of experience reference；Foreign experience adopted in higher vocational education such as the German model, etc.，Most of them are focused on the needs of educators，For example, industry-university cooperation、Integration of work and study, etc.。The problem that China’s higher vocational education is currently facing is，We need to take a student-centered approach、Result-oriented、A connotative development path focusing on professional construction，This is the only way to go in the "post-demonstration" and "post-backbone" period。In this sense，The "sky bet login Agreement" has a strong reference significance。
二、On how to learn from the "sky bet login Agreement" to carry out professional construction of higher vocational education in China
(1) sky bet login
The "sky bet login Agreement" sets the following requirements for students' training goals:
1． Cultivate sky bet login to adapt to social needs
The training goals should be consistent with the actual occupation，Should include the abilities and core knowledge required for sky bet login-related work。At the same time, the training goals should adapt to the needs of social and economic development。
2． Curriculum design for training goal attainment. Training goals should provide corresponding materials to prove that sky bet login courses can support the achievement of educational goals，Includes graduates’ evaluation of core courses some time after graduation；At the same time, it should be demonstrated whether the ability knowledge improved in the course objectives is the ability knowledge required to cultivate the target occupation。
3． Evaluation and revision of the achievement of sky bet login
Necessary systems must be established to regularly evaluate the achievement of training goals，Including feedback from students and society on the achievement of training goals；Revise training goals regularly，The evaluation and revision process should involve students、Industry or enterprise experts participate；Students’ sky bet login identity should be followed up and evaluated。
(2)Student
The "sky bet login Agreement" imposes the following requirements on students:
1． Majors sky bet login have systems and measures to attract outstanding students.
2． With complete student learning guidance、Career planning、Employment Guidance、Psychological counseling and other measures can be well implemented。
3． Majors must track and evaluate students’ performance throughout the learning process，To ensure that students meet graduation requirements when they graduate，Have social adaptability and employment competitiveness after graduation，To achieve the requirements of sky bet login；And by recording the process and effects of process evaluation，Prove the achievement of students’ abilities。
(3) Graduation Requirements
Knowledge of graduates in higher vocational engineering education、Ability and literacy，The "sky bet login Agreement" has the following provisions:
1． Knowledge Requirements
The "sky bet login Agreement" stipulates that graduates should have the following knowledge: First，Understanding and application of universal knowledge；Second，Applicable to the sub-disciplines of this major，Used to support analysis and modeling，Concept-based mathematics、Numerical Analysis、General content of statistics and computer and information science；Third，Systematized required by the engineering discipline of this major、Basic principles of engineering based on theory；Fourth，Specialized engineering knowledge，Be able to provide a theoretical framework and knowledge system for the sub-disciplines of this major；Fifth，Knowledge that can support engineering design using practical techniques；Sixth，Engineering technical knowledge applicable to the sub-discipline of this major；Seventh，Understanding the role of technology in society，Identifying significant issues in applied engineering technology，Such as professional ethics and economics、Society、The impact of environment and sustainable development；Eighth，Master the relevant knowledge in the technical literature of the subject。
2． Ability requirements
The "sky bet login Agreement" stipulates that graduates should have the following abilities: First，Ability to understand and apply knowledge；Second，Understanding and application of social knowledge；Third，Problem Analysis；Fourth，Design and Development Solutions；Fifth，Evaluation；Sixth，Social Protection；Seventh，Laws and regulations；Eighth，Professional ethics；Ninth，Project Management；10th，Communication；Eleventh，Lifelong Learning；Twelfth，Judgement ability；Thirteenth，Decision Responsibility。
3． Quality requirements
The "sky bet login Agreement" stipulates that graduates should have the following qualities: First，Engineering knowledge；Second，Problem Analysis；Third，Design/Developing solutions；Fourth，Research；Fifth，Application of modern tools；Sixth，Engineers and Society；Seventh，Environment and Sustainability；Eighth，sky bet login ethics；Ninth，Individuals and Teams；10th，Communication；Eleventh，Project Management and Financial Management；Twelfth，Lifelong Learning。
(4) Curriculum sky bet login
The "sky bet login Agreement" stipulates that the curriculum system needs to meet the following requirements:
1． Curriculum settings sky bet login be able to support the achievement of training goals，The course system design sky bet login involve enterprise or industry experts。
2． Including mathematics and natural science courses that are suitable for the sky bet login objectives of this major。
3． Contains basic engineering courses that meet the training objectives of this major、Basic sky bet login courses and sky bet login courses (at least accounting for total credits30%）。Basic engineering courses and sky bet login basic courses should reflect the cultivation of mathematics and natural science abilities in this major，sky bet login courses should reflect the cultivation of system design and implementation capabilities。
4． Including sky bet login practice and graduation project (accounting for at least of the total credits20%）。A complete practical teaching system should be set up，Should cooperate with enterprises，Carry out internship、Practical training，Cultivate students’ practical and innovative abilities。The graduation project topic should be combined with the practical sky bet login problems of the major，Cultivate students’ sky bet login awareness、Collaborative spirit and the ability to comprehensively apply learned knowledge to solve practical problems。The guidance and assessment of graduation projects (theses) should involve enterprises and industry experts。
5． Contains general sky bet login courses in humanities and social sciences (at least 10% of the total credits)15%），To enable students to consider economics when engaging in sky bet login design、Environment、Law、Various constraints such as ethics。
(5) sky bet login staff
The "sky bet login Agreement" stipulates that the teaching staff needs to meet the following requirements:
1． The number of teachers can meet the sky bet login needs，Reasonable structure，There are also business and industry experts as part-time teachers。
2． Teachers should have sufficient teaching ability、sky bet login level、Engineering experience、Communication skills、Career development capabilities，And be able to carry out research on practical engineering problems，Participate in academic exchanges。Teachers’ engineering background should be able to meet the needs of sky bet login teaching。
3． Teachers sky bet login devote enough time and energy to higher vocational teaching and student guidance，And actively participate in teaching research and reform。
4． Teachers sky bet login provide guidance to students、Consulting Services，And career planning for students、Vocational education has adequate guidance。
5． Teachers must clarify their responsibilities in the process of improving sky bet login quality，Continuous improvement work，Meet training target requirements。
(6) Continuous improvement
The "sky bet login Agreement" stipulates that professional continuous improvement must meet the following requirements:
1． Majors sky bet login establish feedback monitoring mechanisms for teaching process quality and teacher quality。There are clear quality requirements for each major teaching link，Promote the achievement of training goals through curriculum teaching and evaluation methods；Regularly evaluate the curriculum system and teaching quality。
2． The major sky bet login establish a graduate tracking and feedback mechanism as well as a social evaluation mechanism involving relevant parties outside the higher vocational education system，Periodic evaluation of whether training goals are achieved。
3. The profession sky bet login be able to demonstrate that the results of the evaluation are used for continuous improvement of the profession。
(7) Graduate tracking feedback and social sky bet login
Graduate tracking feedback and social evaluation can provide certification basis for the "sky bet login Agreement"，The details are as follows:
1. Graduate tracking and feedback mechanism: Majors sky bet login set up short-term and mid-term graduate tracking and feedback mechanisms，Understand the feedback of graduates on the quality of training at school after entering the society。
2． Social demand feedback mechanism: majors sky bet login set up employer feedback surveys for graduates，To government departments、Society conducts survey on graduates’ statistical feedback。
In summary，The "sky bet login Agreement" not only proposes specific standards for certification，passed these standards，Specifies the direction of professional construction in colleges and universities。The basic guiding ideology of the "sky bet login Agreement" is continuous improvement，Establishing an internationally recognized basic bottom line for talent training in higher engineering education，The emphasis is on what problems still exist before reaching qualification，Instead of judging first and creating excellence。Through specific analysis of certification standards，Universities should make it clear that professional construction must start from the concept of systems engineering，From certification standards7Find issues in aspects，Develop effective solutions and implement them。
三、About the basic paradigm for professional construction under the sky bet login Agreement
For China’s higher vocational education，Except engineering majors，All other construction professions can also learn from the above standards of the sky bet login Agreement，The key is to refine its thinking methods，Form a "paradigm" of professional construction。
To summarize，The professional construction paradigm reflected in the "sky bet login Agreement" includes the following points:
(1) Student-centered
“Student-centered” educational reform，It is a paradigm change，Must be comprehensive、Overall、Coordinated advancement。First of all, the concept of education sky bet login be changed，Change from “teaching” as the center to “learning” as the center，Set teaching goals around the cultivation of students、Teaching content and teaching methods。The evaluation of teaching sky bet login also focus on reflecting students’ learning status、Indicators of learning effectiveness，All students must be considered。
(2) Result-oriented
“Result-oriented” sky bet login development requires professionals to establish a complete evaluation system，Treat students sustainably in multiple dimensions、sky bet login、School for evaluation。Multi-dimensional evaluation can ensure the objectivity of the evaluation results、Comprehensiveness and Effectiveness，On the one hand, test the existing results of sky bet login construction，On the other hand, it points the way for future reforms。At the same time，Sustainable process evaluation and full tracking are important guarantees for the continuous development and improvement of the profession。By establishing the evaluation system，sky bet login can test the connection between educational goals and the market，You can also check whether sky bet login course teaching can achieve the set goals。
(3) Advocating continuous improvement
In the past, teaching focused on static aspects、Closed quality assurance system，The "sky bet login Agreement" and other engineering professional education certification systems are advancing dynamically、Open、Continuously improved quality assurance system。Only continuous feedback and evaluation of the effectiveness of education and teaching work，Discover the teaching links that need improvement and make timely corrections，In order to fundamentally ensure the maintenance and improvement of training quality。By establishing a complete continuous improvement system，Quality requirements reflecting training goals，And implement this system stably，Supplemented by effective tracking and feedback mechanisms for continuous improvement，Only in this way can we truly promote the connotative development of professional construction。
(4) Respect sky bet login personality
The professional certification standards formulated by the "sky bet login Agreement" focus on the determination of training goals and the setting up of the curriculum system，But these are just frameworks and guidelines for professional implementation，The education process itself still has room for development。The certification standards refer to the ideas of major professional fields，Dividing professional certification scope，But it does not interfere with specific professional settings。This type is classified by professional field，Method for similar majors in each professional field to be certified according to the same set of certification standards，Full respect for the autonomy of majors in colleges and universities，Support each major to develop its own characteristics，Helps each major to combine market demand and the conditions of the school's majors，Set your own development strategy。
Background of the sky bet login Agreement、The main contents of certification standards and the paradigm reflected in professional construction，It is of great significance to China’s current higher vocational education。If higher vocational education can follow international paradigm，Carry out professional construction in a down-to-earth manner，Steadyly improve the quality of student training，Clear the school’s positioning，It can still be unique、Achievements、Promising。
This expert lecture broadened the horizons of teachers in our school，Opened up teachers’ sky bet login ideas，Develop a scientific talent training plan for our school、It has important reference significance for improving the quality of running schools。
（Scientific Research Department）
